buy custom The Alabama Immigration Law essay

buy custom The Alabama Immigration Law essay The Federal state of Alabama recently enacted a more stringent anti-immigration law under the Beason-Hammon Alabama Taxpayer and Citizen Protection Act. Enforcement of this legislation against all odds prompted the implementation of other immigration laws across the state of Alabama (Alabama Department of Education 2011). Section 28 of the Alabama Immigration Act which is deeply embedded in the enrolment policies of states education department as summarized herein: i)Every public school will be required to determine whether children or students enrolled at the Kindergarten, elementary or secondary levels were illegal immigrants born outside the boundaries of the United States of America. All illegal immigrant children living in the United States together with their parents, legal custodians or guardians will be reported to the Superintendent of education in all the districts of Alabama. ii)All the public schools within the State of Alabama will register students on condition that they produce original copy of their birth certificate or any other certified documentation that confirms status of the citizenship or immigration status. iii)If a student cannot produce the original birth certification or any other official proof that s/he was born within the state of Alabama for one reason or the other at the time of enrollment, the parents, legal custodians and guardian will be required to avail documentation or any other proof of a students immigration status or federal citizenship within a span 30 days. iv)The school inspection will be carried out by the school official from time to time in all the public schools throughout the districts of Alabama to verify if students documentations bear the true identity of their holders. However, in the event that parents/guardian/legal custodians fail to produce all the required documentations, an individual student will be deemed an alien. In this case, the guardians, parents or legal representatives will be required by the Act to sign a declaration indicating that a student is an illegal immigrant (Alabama Department of Education 2011). v)The school officials will then be charged with the legal responsibility of reporting all the illegal students present in all Alabama and other states of the United States. The State Board of Education will then consolidate all the collected data of the illegal students in the Alabama public schools and submit the final list to the mandated legislature. vi)This data will then be used to investigate the economic effects of the rising numbers of illegal students on the quality of education in both primary and secondary public schools across the state of Alabama. Pressure posed by these alien students on the learning resources such as text books, computers other supplies and other educational provisions (extracurricular activities and discounted meals) given by both the federal and state governments in Alabama will also be established for the purposes of future fiscal planning (Alabama Department of Education 2011). Considering that the swelling populations of the illegal immigrants in Alabama and other federal states of United States, the implications of the Alabama Immigration Law is far-fetched in all spheres of the American life despite the mere fact that the legislative assembly of Alabama enacted the law to protect the taxpaying Alabama citizens from the prevailing economic menace posed by the increasing numbers of illegal immigrants. The economic, social and political impacts of the Law will be felt by all illegal immigrants in every corner of the public and private sectors of Alabama. It is quite unfortunate though that children who are born to illegal immigrants will not gain admission into the Alabama public schools once the Alabama Immigration Law is enforced as intended in the Alabamas civil society (Dugam, 2011). The simple locking of these children from the public schools across the district of Alabama will considerably deny this poor lot an access quality education compared to their citizen counterparts- a phenomenon that propagates chronic social and economic disparity in Alabama. Worse still, illegal children will also be discriminated against in regard to the provision of health care and other social services (Dwyer, 2004). From the time of its enactment and eventual enforcement in September this year (2011), the social survey report conducted in Alabama to assess the impacts of the legislation reveals that the Alabama Immigration Law reveals has seen many illegal children and continuing students out of school some of which are unable to access quality healthcare services- the basic human rights that are deeply entrenched in the Federal Constitution of the United States of America. In facts and figures, more than 1,300 children are locked out of Alabama public schools out of which 572 children have been denied access to quality health care in vaious public healthcare institutions in Alabama on the basis of their non-citizenship (New York Times, 2011). Secondly, illegal children, majority being from the ethnic minority, are subjected to untold magnitudes of stigma and discrimination due to their lowly immigration status. Mere knowledge that these children and young students are aliens who are living in Alabama against the law of the state makes them develop the feelings of inferiority among their peers. It is most remarkable that psychological stigma and emotional torture caused by this kind of a discriminative law and public policies of the sort is well pronounced among the teenage students at the secondary levels of education but to a lesser extent to younger children who are not yet conscious of their ego. The most detrimental of all, this particular bill makes it possible to track down adult illegal immigrants through their childrens registration at the Alabamas public schools. As such, many illegal adult immigrants, who constitute the largest percentage of Alabama labor force on the agricultural farms and industries, are living in great fear of deportation. The New York Times, reports that multitudes of the illegal immigrants are already fleeing Alabama for the fear that they might get deported to unknown destinations. Consequently, this mass fleeing of illegal migrant, who provide the much needed human labor in the agricultural and industrial sectors, causes a significant drop in the economic productivity of the states economy (Dugam 2011). Increased government revenue: heavy presence of illegal immigrations poses much economic burden to Alabama since the cost of educating non-citizen is spread across the citizen tax payers. Similarly, keeping the increasing numbers of the non-citizens within the Alabama public school without their parents, guardians, and custodians pay taxes put much strain on the limited learning resources such as computers, text books, meals, and sports facilities in all the public schools (Jurist Legal News Research, 2011). This highly compromises the quality of education students get from the public schools of Alabama. Improve quality of education: to enhance the quality of education and efficiency of service delivery at the public schools, the annual fiscal planning must cater for the learning needs of both the citizen and non-citizen students alike. This can only be realized when the education officials report the number of illegal students that are enrolled in each across the districts of Alabama to the state legislature. The subsequent tracking of all illegal immigrants and taxation will allow the state to plan and provide quality education to all children. Effective States Fiscal Planning for Education: due to high populations of illegal immigrants in Alabama (estimated at 11 million adults), the numbers of illegal children are equally large hence they must be considered in the fiscal planning of the state if at all the education sector has to run smoothly. Therefore, for the sake of future educational fiscal planning, sustainable quality education to all children, and proper allocation of learning resources to all students (regardless of their nationality and immigration status), the educational officials must document and report all the illegal students within the public schools in Alabama. In spite of the claims by the Alabama legislature that the immigration law is stringent enough to check the rising trends of illegal immigration into Alabama, the deputy United States Attorney General Thomas Perez is strongly opposed to the enactment and subsequent enforcement of the law on the basis that it violates the U.S. Federal laws that provides for equal educational opportunity to all children and further protection of childrens rights in all states of the U.S. notwithstanding their race, economic, nationality, origin and social status. In the spirit of the Federal Constitution, the Alabama Immigration Law constitutes a gross violation of the documented human rights. In his letter to superintendents of Alabama schools, Perez blatantly expresses his inherent fear that the newly enacted immigration law that demands vital information from students might discourage or chill participation of young people in public education. Basing his argument on the actual figures extracted from the Federal Bureau of Statistics, Perez reiterates the mere fact that children the law has drastically reduce the rate of non-citizen childrens enrollment in all public schools within the districts of Alabama. It is therefore evident that the law frustrates the goals of the U.S. Federal Department of Education that aims at attaining universal education for all by the year 2018. On the same magnitude of disapproval, the United States Department of Justice through the Supreme Court rules the law as unconstitutional since taking into consideration its unmerited act of denying children the gains of education and learning opportunity within the districts of Alabama . The Alabama Immigration Law therefore puts the Alabama law makers on the spot for their faulty inhuman legislation not only in other federal states of U.S. but across the world. Despite the massive denunciation Alabama Immigration Law attracts from the Federal government, foreign government and humanitarian agencies, educational officials serving within the Alabama districts are under strict directives to implement the law to the letter (Jurist Legal News Research 2011). This phenomenon puts the educational officials in a big dilemma as to whether they should take heed of the directives as given by their law makers or uphold their professional ethics of providing education and health care services to all children and students regardless of their color, immigration status, nationality, origin, race and gender. Terry L. Coopers book, The Responsible Administrator, provides a fundamental guide necessary for the confrontation and address of various ethical issues revolving around the enforcement of the Act by the school officials. According to the principles of Administrative Ethics, beneficence and social responsibility are two values that school official must uphold at any given time (Cooper, 2006). Under these two values, the school officials must always ensure that the welfare of the ethnic minority children in the public schools of Alabama is guaranteed and further protected against any possible violation similar to the one induced by the Alabama Immigration Law. Against all odds, the officials have the mandate and moral authority to promote the enrolment of illegal student within the public schools no matter the situation- this remains the noble course that surpasses any other reason as to why the illegal immigrants should be denied access to education in the public schools. Additionally, they are charged with the legal duty and an obligation to provide education to the general public particularly the vulnerable group of the ethnic minority illegal students. For this matter, their direct involvement in t he enforcement of this unjust law will render them highly unethical since it is a violation of the administrative ethics. Secondly, the aspect of justice and equality must take pre-eminence in deciding whether the law is ethical or not (Raul, 2002). Fully aware that education is a fundamental human right and that every individual is entitled to it, any action or agency that would impede on this right is regarded as unethical. As an ethical and morally upright educational official, it is not prudent checking and reporting the immigration status of a child enrolment in public schools to the District Education Board because the resultant actions of such a move will deny these innocent young students an opportunity to learn. This law will lock many illegal students out of the Alabama public schools owing to the fact they will not get registered by the education officials contrary to the federal law. This law hence constitutes a serious breach of universal human rights which calls for education for all regardless of their immigration status, race, origin, nationality, and gender. The legislation is therefore extremely unethical because its explicit enforcement within the Alabama public schools will cut off illegal students from accessing quality education like their legal counterparts (Raul, 2002). Finally, the enforcement of the law compromises confidentiality and privacy of personal information regarding the illegal immigrants and illegal students that the school officials supposedly safeguard in the education. The subsequent common knowledge about illegal students personal information as well those of their parents, custodians, and guardians, reduces their egos in schools and the wider Alabama civil society. As a result, the illegal students suffer untold psychological torture and constant feelings of guilt. For the purposes of effective learning, the students ego should always be safeguarded- a simple thing the law remarkably fails to address. Conclusion The more stringent immigration law: the Beason-Hammon Alabama Taxpayer and Citizen Protection Act enacted by the Federal state of Alabama is unconstitutional and highly discriminative as it violates the right of everyone to access quality education in the state of Alabama. It is therefore unethical for the school officials whose main moral authority is to make education accessible enforce the law. The Alabama Immigration Law takes an inhuman face since it not only fails to address the fears of the parents and illegal students in the entire Alabama but also subject illegal student to all manner of discrimination. The unethical law simply aspires to aggravate the existing discrimination against illegal students in the Alabama public schools and it deliberately fails to ensure that the rights of the vulnerable children are protected from any abuse by the public policies similar to the law. Buy custom The Alabama Immigration Law essay

Entering the war was the best course of action for Russia in 1914 Essay Example

Entering the war was the best course of action for Russia in 1914 Essay Example Entering the war was the best course of action for Russia in 1914 Essay Entering the war was the best course of action for Russia in 1914 Essay On August 1st 1914 Germany declared war on Russia therefore bringing Russia into a European war. The Great War lasted 4 years but Russia pulled out in 1917 due to problems back home. The reason why Germany declared war on Russia was that it had mobilised it forces and was heading towards Germany.Russia entering that war had both good and bad points for the country and indeed the rest of the world. Many say that cause of the war was the death of Arch Duke Ferdinand air to the Austrian throne. This did spark of a string of events but Russia made some of its own contributions to the war.Russia was a backward country still following Feudal laws and ideas. This caused them to be behind in both industry and agriculture. Russia owned a vast empire that dominated a large percentage of the world. Having people in the west who were in sight of Germany and others in the east in sight of Japan should show the vastness of the land. The people were being led by the tsar and this one man was in cha rge of the whole country this in itself led to many problems. The tsar was isolated from any contact from the outside and any information he was given would have been by his ministers who would have lied to better themselves or to protect themselves. Keeping this in mind that would have been unable to see the state of the people and maybe not have known the state of his army. So when he committed himself to war this factor should be taken into account so not to totally blame the tsar.The tsar was looking out for Russia by committing them for a course of war as it had potential to benefit them. Russia Empire was vast and they would not want to expand much more but to keep its borders strengthened. With the Germans growing in power in the west their eyes would have been set on spreading their land towards the east into Russian lands. With this in mind the Russians had began negations with France which stated if one of them was attacked the other would come to the aid. This was known a s the triple entante France would have agreed, for it would have feared for its own safety from the German threat. By agreeing to this treaty Russia is also keeping its friendship with Europe strong as it would need them to trade with also if it let Germany take on France alone France would lose. This would seem a good idea as they would lose no men and could let Europe sort it out but sooner or later Germanys eyes would turn onto Russian held lands. This was Russias best chance to crush Germany before it grew strong enough to take on Russia.Germany had also been thinking of these problems that it could end up with a war on two fronts so it had made an alliance of its own called the triple alliance this had Germany, Italy and Austria. Austria was looking to expand its own borders as countries were breaking away from the failing Turkish Empire one of these was Serbia. Serbia was important to the Russians as it was Russias only way into the European sea via the phoseprus. The Russians didnt use this as there excuse when they came to the aid of Serbia when Austria attacked. Russia said it was the mother land and protected the Slavs. Austria attacked Serbia using the death of Arch Duke Ferdinand as its reason to blaming it on Serbian terrorists. If Russia had let this happen and not intervene Serbia would have been crushed and its way into the European seas along with it. She then mobilised her forces towards Austria and Germany.Russia had only thought up to battle plans for the war each of these so detailed once the wheels had been set in motion then they couldnt be stopped. One of these was the mobilisation of her forces all out against Austria sending men to the aid of Serbia and keeping its entrance to the sea open. The other was to split its forces and go after both Austria and Germany. The alliances were well known around the world and Russia was aware that Germany may go to the aid of Austria therefore would be forced to attack them. The Russian military de cided to split her forces and go after Germany and Austria. Some could say this sparked of the chain of events that brought Germany, France and Britain into the war. The Germans then seeing Russian troops coming into their land declared war on Russia. France then came to its allys aid by declaring war on Germany.Russia had been in a war with Japan just 9 years ago and had suffered a terrible defeat and was in need of a victory. The Russians had a past of military wins and would think that they could win this. There was wide spread belief that the war would be over in a short space of time. The war sent a wave of patriotism across the country which saved the tsar from a lot of the problems that was going on in his country as peoples attention turned towards the war and away from the problems back home. The Russian economy was not prepared for a long term war though and soon the realisation of the war came in and supplies were unable to get to the front of be produced quickly. In the past a war has boosted a countrys economy by making industries make large produce as the government will by it of them. New ideas start to come about and new inventions are designed. All across Europe countries had been going through an industrial revolution that had been happening naturally. Russia had tried to forces its country to have one and it wasnt working as they drafted in peasants from the country side and output went down by 50%. This is because the peasants didnt have any real training for use of the machines. This also caused agriculture produce to go down and this was Russians primary export.Russia merchant fleet was terrible and that is putting it in a nice term. Russian merchant fleet combined with Finlands accounted for 5% of the worlds tonnage. Half of this was sail powered and therefore was at the mercy of the elements and would been seen as a joke by any enemies ships who could ram through the ship to save ammo. Russia was trading with other countries at the time but wasnt exploiting its huge resources it had in the east and was importing lots of resources it had. This could be accounted down to the fact that there wasnt an efficient transport system to get goods from east to west.The transport system problem also would leave troops stuck at one station which had multiple entrances but only one exit. This would mean that men and supplies wouldnt be able to get to the front line in time. Men could get there but not have enough supplies to survive. This is the story of 1 rifle between 3 men came about. Russian troops had a wave of patriotism about them that would have made them good fighting men due to the fact they are willing to die for the country. The generals were unable to or did not take advantage of this fact.The generals themselves were behind in idea of warfare and most of them were put into the job because of their social status. There were not enough generals who had risen through the ranks and knew how to fight and win a war.Bari ng all of these factors in mind you could say the idea behind going to war was a good one. There were many points to be gained and could be seen as a wise move for the future. Although the lack of a good transport system, merchant navy and industrial system. The country wasnt ready for the vastness of the task ahead.

The Possible Origins of the Words Sincere and Sincerely

The Possible Origins of the Words Sincere and Sincerely The origin of the word sincere is disputed, although the popular etymology has it coming from words for without wax. Without Wax It is commonly believed that sincere comes from two Latin words- sine without and cera wax. Although even that much is challenged, there are two explanations for how without wax came to be an important claim, both involving craftsmen, who during the Republic of Rome, would generally have been slaves or foreigners. Some think that marble workers would cover imperfections in the stone with wax, much as modern homemakers or unscrupulous antique dealers might rub wax to hide a scratch in wood. Another idea for the origin of sincere has more ominous consequences. Since cement was more expensive than wax, unscrupulous bricklayers would sometimes employ it- at least thats the story. When it melted, bricks could shift and structures collapse. So the claim that something was sine cera would be an important guarantee. The Online Etymology Dictionary says it may come from sem-, sin-, roots for one and crescere growth.

Two questions essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Two questions - Essay Example The echo boomers are known to be interested with diverse fun activities and projects. Therefore, for the hotel to attract them, it has incorporated different activities in its services. Such activities include; golf course facilities, swimming pools, pool tables, and libraries. Echo boomers are also known to be high achievers with the desire to make a lot of money while still young. With hotel having this generation as their major target, it has also implemented such facilities as gambling machines. It also holds events such as auctioning of expensive items such as wall paintings. Most of the persons attracted into the hotel are therefore able to make money by taking advantage of the different opportunities offered at the hotel. Other business opportunities are also made possible by the hotel inviting the experienced business entrepreneurs who then offer investment projects to the echo boomers. Therefore, with all these activities and facilities, the hotel has hence managed to attract its target group, the echo boomers. Ecotourism mainly deals with nature and preservation of the environment. Therefore, it is one strategy that has made a lot of progress in attracting people who are interested with the natural environment. Ecotourism has promoted the tourism industry through use of attraction such as national parks and natural resources. Ecotourism also makes the environment appeal to people thus, attracting many tourists even those that are not interested with nature (Whyte, 2010). Space is one viable tourist attraction in the world, but which is very expensive. Currently, only few persons have managed to undertake this source of income since many people also assert that is a dangerous activity. An organization that is working to make this economic attraction possible is the Depaul Space tourism Organization. Despite a lot of challenges being experienced in the

Spanish vs. English colonization of America Essay - 1

Spanish vs. English colonization of America - Essay Example Spanish conquest and colonization. There were millions of people living in the Americas when Christopher Columbus arrived in 1492. In the following centuries the population of the Native Americans decreased steadily (Brading 48). The writings of the Dominican friar Bartolomà © de Las Casas vividly depict atrocities committed on the natives by the Spanish conquistadors. â€Å"It was a general rule among Spaniards to be cruel; not just cruel, but extraordinarily cruel so that harsh and bitter treatment would prevent Indians from daring to think of themselves as human beings or hav-ing a minute to think at all.† (Las Casas 70). At the same time, the Spanish rulers in America were unhappy at the high mortality rate of the natives, since they wanted to exploit the Indians laborers. The Spaniards were committed to converting their American subjects to Christianity, often by force. However, as Cook mentions (94), â€Å"American groups simply blended Catholicism with their traditional beliefs, which could not have been regarded as a success†. Nowadays, among many scholars it is believed that epidemic disease was the main cause of the population decline — the figure of 80% is mentioned related to those who may have died due to European diseases, such as chicken-pox and measles (Cook 94, 212).

Final research report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Final research report - Essay Example Additionally, the study concludes by providing some recommendations that ought to be implemented in order to enhance the success of the product in the market. The aim of this study was to examine the essence of a new product by Google referred to as Google Glass. In the past few years, provision of medical care in health centers has been associated with some challenges due to the advancement of some diseases and complications related to health. The issue of security has also been one of the key subjects in almost all organizations in the world. Performance of activities in fixed places has also been a source of worry for many years. For instance, many accidents in the world are as a result of multitasking. Majority of the drivers cause accidents of operating their Smartphones while driving. It is as a result of this that I saw it well to research on Google Glasses as well as advocate their introduction and usage in everyday activities. Google Glass was launched in 2012 by Google Company. However, its usage was not rampant because of lack of awareness, only a few people knew about Google Glasses leave its advantages to this technological world alone. This is evidenced by the fact that the use of the Glass was opposed by many people who knew nothing about their applicability in the current life. In tandem with this, I saw it well to provide some of the best features of Google Glass in this report so as to back up my choice of the product. Google Glass has the potential to record videos, as well as take pictures without incorporation of the hands. With this feature, one can record criminal activities as well as take photos of the persons behaving in a unique way. In other words, the Glass can aid significantly in combating crimes such as terrorism and other types of violence in a given environment. Google Glass also serves as means of communication. This is evidenced by the fact that users of Google Glasses can send messages and emails to each other via

Assignment Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Assignment - Research Paper Example One of the most notable empires that used communication technologies effectively to handle information was the Assyrian Empire. In the first millennium BC, the Assyrian Empire expanded to an unprecedented size; the empire stretched from River Nile in Egypt to the Iranian mountains, thereby nearly enveloping the modern Middle East. The empire’s ruling elite managed to control the empire despite its massive size primarily because they used efficient communication technologies that facilitated effective handling of administrative messages and records. Constant innovations in administrative technology facilitated the development of communication systems, which facilitated economic growth. One of Assyrians’ most prominent exports was technologies of social management and control, which entailed the technologies such as coercion, information management and control of the empire’s physical assets. Assyrians typically found effective ways of managing storage, movement an d management of goods, armies, people, information and capital. In order to sustain the empire’s massive population, Assyrian administrators developed an administrative structure consisting of four intertwining components that enabled effective communication throughout the empire. These components were the temple administration, the palace, the city or town administration and the provincial administration (Black, 2001). While all components had their individual hierarchies, as well as power bases, the ultimate power typically trickled down from the king. The four structures served to create a balance in power, allowing information and decrees to flow from the king to the common folk. These structures allowed Assyrians to construct a streamlined economic and administrative system that saved on administrative costs, while also controlling a vast majority of the empire’s internal production means. Administrators at the lowest structure (the town/city administration) were primarily tasked with collection of taxes and management of tax records, labor conscriptions, as well as military call-ups. As a result of the effective hierarchical system of communication, the king continually settled deportees from other regions of the empire and parceled out such land as favors in exchange for loyalty. This developed an extremely stratified society with minimally sized aristocratic elite, thereby keeping public expenditure at a minimal. Assyrian military innovation also enabled the empire to maintain a well-organized system of material and food distribution and storage for soldiers and the entire population. Communication problems were resolved through an effective chain of posts, which facilitated speedy communication between distant and capital province. They perfected the communication technology by using horses for military purposes and typical communication aims. One of the reasons why the Roman Empire was quite strong was because of its capacity to communi cate with the masses. Communication held the society together through beliefs in similar laws and myths, which demonstrated a common bond passed down from one generation to another (Black, 2001). Emperors in the Roman Empire used inexpensive means to communicate with the masses, for instance, emperors communicated by displaying gestures,